Author's Latest Posts


PCI Express Test Overview


PCl Express, short for Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, is a high-performance and high-bandwidth serial communication interconnect standard. First proposed by Intel and further developed by the Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG) in replacement of bus-based communication architecture, such as PCI, PCI Extended (PCI-X), and Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)... » read more

Everything You Need to Know About Wi-Fi 7


The IEEE 802.11be standard introduces several new features for improving WLAN efficiency, capacity, and coverage. Features such as multi-link operation (MLO) and multiple resource units (multi-RUs) increase the number of configurations and test scenarios to validate a device thoroughly. In addition to physical-layer testing, test engineers must emulate signaling to verify interactions between a... » read more

Effectively Monitor And Streamline Test Processes Using A DAQ


Manufacturing and field operations generate a high volume of data, and they are also fueling growth in the use of smart remote sensing and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The data that is generated gives users visibility into their operations in real time or near real time to help them make decisions quickly. Time is a critical factor when high-volume production lines go down, electri... » read more

Understanding The Differences Between Oscilloscopes And Digitizers For Wideband Signal Acquisitions


Most of us remember the first time we used an oscilloscope. With one look at the large display, we could tell what was happening to our waveforms. From the earliest days, oscilloscopes have been a primary tool for quick visualization of time-variant waveforms, and over the years, they’ve become a core instrument on the bench. Wideband digitizers are related to modern oscilloscopes since both ... » read more

Understanding Noise And Sensitivity In Spectrum Analyzers


Using a spectrum analyzer to measure noise signals requires several additional factors, such as sensitivity or how well the instrument can measure small signals. The analyzer’s noise floor specifies the average noise level (DANL) in dB, which is the amount of internally generated noise. Analyzers apply noise floor extension using an algorithm applied to subtract the analyzer’s noise contrib... » read more

How To Characterize Low-Noise Amplifiers


Receivers only operate as well as their internal low-noise amplifiers perform. However, amplifiers prove to be the most challenging system component to characterize fully. Learn how the Keysight E5081A ENA-X network analyzer simplifies low-noise amplifier performance verification by using flexible hardware and advanced software capabilities to improve measurement accuracy and repeatability. ... » read more

Field Testing In 5G NR


5G NR network coverage measurements will be beam-based instead of cell-based. This will change the methodology of coverage KPI calculation. The amount of reference signals in the air is increasing as there will be multiple reference beams per cell, posing more stringent performance requirements for scanning receivers and test UEs. Both test UEs and scanners will be needed for 5G NR field verifi... » read more

Using Keysight Design Data Management SOS In The Cloud


Integrated circuits (ICs) are becoming increasingly complex and resource intensive. This is challenging companies to design chips more efficiently and reduce the overall impact of peak processing loads. Companies typically use large server farms and high-performance storage systems to design and validate chips quickly and efficiently. However, this approach is very resource intensive. For ex... » read more

Accelerate 5G Testing


The promise of 5G is faster and more reliable communications. To enable mobile broadband communications, 5G uses existing and new technologies to achieve extreme data throughputs. In this white paper, you will learn about the impact of the 3GPP evolution on your testing and solutions available to help you scale to production quickly. Click here to read more. » read more

Five Strategies To Accelerate 5G Device Development


Designing and implementing 5G devices in new mmWave operating bands present new challenges. New technologies and evolving standards increase design complexity. Here are five strategies to help you address these challenges and get your designs to market faster. Click here to read more. » read more

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