How To Run Bluetooth PCM Loopback Test


Bluetooth device manufacturing involves ensuring the quality and performance of devices. One key test that’s used to verify the functionality of Bluetooth devices is the Bluetooth PCM lookback test, which ensures that both the hardware and software of the Bluetooth chip are operating correctly. What is the Bluetooth PCM lookback test? A Bluetooth pulse code modulation (PCM) lookback test... » read more

Unraveling PCIe 6.0 Loopback And Digital Near-End Loopback Feature


The PCIe specification has given a specific Link Training and Status State Machine (LTSSM) state named Loopback, which is intended for test and fault isolation use. Basically, it gives a mechanism that involves looping back the data that was received in the Loopback LTSSM state. The entry and exit behavior are specified, and all other details are implementation-specific. Loopback can op... » read more

5G Chips Add Test Challenges


The advent of chips supporting millimeter-wave (mmWave) 5G signals is creating a new set of design and testing challenges. Effects that could be ignored at lower frequencies are now important. Performing high-volume test of RF chips will require much more from automated test equipment (ATE) than is required for chips operating below 6 GHz. “MmWave design is a pretty old thing,” said Y... » read more