Optimizing Wafer Edge Processes For Chip Stacking


Stacking chiplets vertically using short and direct wafer-to-wafer bonds can reduce signal delay to negligible levels, enabling smaller, thinner packages with faster memory/processor speeds and lower power consumption. The race is on to implement wafer stacking and die-to-wafer hybrid bonding, now considered essential for stacking logic and memory, 3D NAND, and possibly multi-layer DRAM stac... » read more

Memory Fundamentals For Engineers


Memory is one of a very few elite electronic components essential to any electronic system. Modern electronics perform extraordinarily complex duties that would be impossible without memory. Your computer obviously contains memory, but so does your car, your smartphone, your doorbell camera, your entertainment system, and any other gadget benefiting from digital electronics. This eBook prov... » read more

HBM4 Feeds Generative AI’s Hunger For More Memory Bandwidth


Generative AI (Gen AI), built on the exponential growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their kin, is one of today’s biggest drivers of computing technology. Leading-edge LLMs now exceed a trillion parameters and offer multimodal capabilities so they can take a broad range of inputs, whether they’re in the form of text, speech, images, video, code, and more, and generate an equally broa... » read more

A New Generation Of 7400 Socket


When I was 18, and just been accepted at Brunel University in West London to start my undergraduate degree in electrical and electronic engineering, I sent off a letter to Texas Instruments telling them about the journey ahead of me and asked if they could they send me a copy of their TTL Data Book. A few weeks later a package arrived and there it was. This incredible brown/orange book, thicker... » read more

3.5D: The Great Compromise


The semiconductor industry is converging on 3.5D as the next best option in advanced packaging, a hybrid approach that includes stacking logic chiplets and bonding them separately to a substrate shared by other components. This assembly model satisfies the need for big increases in performance while sidestepping some of the thorniest issues in heterogeneous integration. It establishes a midd... » read more

Freeing Up Near-Memory Capacity For Cache Using Compression Techniques In A Flat Hybrid-Memory Architecture


A technical paper titled “HMComp: Extending Near-Memory Capacity using Compression in Hybrid Memory” was published by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology and ZeroPoint Technologies. Abstract: "Hybrid memories, especially combining a first-tier near memory using High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM) and a second-tier far memory using DRAM, can realize a large and low cost, high-bandwi... » read more

HBM3E: All About Bandwidth


The rapid rise in size and sophistication of AI/ML training models requires increasingly powerful hardware deployed in the data center and at the network edge. This growth in complexity and data stresses the existing infrastructure, driving the need for new and innovative processor architectures and associated memory subsystems. For example, even GPT-3 at 175 billion parameters is stressing the... » read more

Are You Ready For HBM4? A Silicon Lifecycle Management (SLM) Perspective


Many factors are driving system-on-chip (SoC) developers to adopt multi-die technology, in which multiple dies are stacked in a three-dimensional (3D) configuration. Multi-die systems may make power and thermal issues more complex, and they have required major innovations in electronic design automation (EDA) implementation and test tools. These challenges are more than offset by the advantages... » read more

Metrology And Inspection For The Chiplet Era


New developments and innovations in metrology and inspection will enable chipmakers to identify and address defects faster and with greater accuracy than ever before, all of which will be required at future process nodes and in densely packed assemblies of chiplets. These advances will affect both front-end and back-end processes, providing increased precision and efficiency, combined with a... » read more

Intel Vs. Samsung Vs. TSMC


The three leading-edge foundries — Intel, Samsung, and TSMC — have started filling in some key pieces in their roadmaps, adding aggressive delivery dates for future generations of chip technology and setting the stage for significant improvements in performance with faster delivery time for custom designs. Unlike in the past, when a single industry roadmap dictated how to get to the next... » read more

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