USB4 Sideband Channel Is Not a Side Business


The USB4 specification has been around for several years now. Two years ago, USB4 version 2.0 was also released by the USB Promoter Group. This specification enables up to 80Gbps link speed per direction in symmetric mode and 120Gbps link speed in asymmetric mode. Be it Gen 2, Gen 3, or Gen 4 link speeds of 20Gbps, 40Gbps, 80Gbps, or 120Gbps, the sideband channel is indispensable for the sta... » read more

Ensuring Data Integrity And Performance Of High-Speed Data Transmission


In key electronics applications such as data centers, automotive, and 5G, the data speed and volume are increasing at an exponential rate. Data centers require data transmission (Figure 1) as high as 112Gbps, which can be achieved only using PAM4 signaling. The automotive industry is dealing with the challenges of transferring data between various electronic control units (ECUs) at a very high ... » read more

Advanced Packaging For Improved Network Communications


The global demand for data increases day-by-day. At the same time, the data transmission rate will increase to exceed 1 Terabits per second (Tbps) near the middle of this decade. To address this situation and provide a third alternative, engineers are increasingly looking into the chiplet approach with multiple smaller dies integrated in a single package. Only the logic portion that needs to... » read more