Flash Memory Demystified: NOR Flash Vs. NAND Flash


By Dharini SubashChandran and Shyam Sharma In the world of flash memory, two primary types dominate the market: NOR flash and NAND flash. While they both serve as essential components in various electronic devices, they differ significantly in terms of structure, functionality, and use cases. In this blog post, we will explore the fundamental differences between NOR flash and NAND flash. ... » read more

How New Diagnostic Data And Operations Equip Flash Memory ICs For The Demands Of Automotive Functional Safety Standards


Automotive systems OEMs are starting to demand a new breed of flash ICs which can support the requirements of functional safety design at the system level better than previous generations of devices. This article studies the mode of operation of conventional NOR flash ICs, and explains the features that new automotive serial flash products will need to offer if they are to fully support system ... » read more

Design Optimization Of Split-Gate NOR Flash For Compute-In-Memory


A technical paper titled “Design Strategies of 40 nm Split-Gate NOR Flash Memory Device for Low-Power Compute-in-Memory Applications” was published by researchers at Seoul National University of Science and Technology and University of Seoul. Abstract: "The existing von Neumann architecture for artificial intelligence (AI) computations suffers from excessive power consumption and memo... » read more

Flash Memory Market Ushered In Fierce Competition With The Digitalization Of Electric Vehicles


By Craig Huang and Yulia Lee Governments worldwide have been paying close attention to alternative energy vehicles recently. Many have launched related electric vehicle subsidy policies, accelerating global sales over recent years. In 2021 at IAA Mobility in Munich, Germany, many major car manufacturers, including Porsche, showcased their all-electric or related concept cars. In addition ... » read more

How Memory Design Optimizes System Performance


Exponential increases in data and demand for improved performance to process that data has spawned a variety of new approaches to processor design and packaging, but it also is driving big changes on the memory side. While the underlying technology still looks very familiar, the real shift is in the way those memories are connected to processing elements and various components within a syste... » read more

Lowering Energy Per Bit


Energy is emerging as a focal point in chip and system design, but solving energy-related issues needs to be dealt with on a much broader scale than design teams typically see. Energy is the amount of power consumed over a period of time to perform a given task, but reducing energy is a lot different than reducing power. It affects everything from operational costs and system performance to ... » read more

The Next New Memories


Several next-generation memory types are ramping up after years of R&D, but there are still more new memories in the research pipeline. Today, several next-generation memories, such as MRAM, phase-change memory (PCM) and ReRAM, are shipping to one degree or another. Some of the next new memories are extensions of these technologies. Others are based on entirely new technologies or involve ar... » read more

Challenges In Making And Testing STT-MRAM


Several chipmakers are ramping up a next-generation memory type called STT-MRAM, but there are still an assortment of manufacturing and test challenges for current and future devices. STT-MRAM, or spin-transfer torque MRAM, is attractive and gaining steam because it combines the attributes of several conventional memory types in a single device. In the works for years, STT-MRAM features the ... » read more

Embedded Phase-Change Memory Emerges


The next-generation memory market for embedded applications is becoming more crowded as another technology emerges in the arena—embedded phase-change memory. Phase-change memory is not new and has been in the works for decades. But the technology has taken longer to commercialize amid a number of technical and cost challenges. Phase-change memory, a nonvolatile memory type that stores data... » read more

Foundries Prepare For Battle At 22nm


After introducing new 22nm processes over the last year or two, foundries are gearing up the technology for production—and preparing for a showdown. GlobalFoundries, Intel, TSMC and UMC are developing and/or expanding their efforts at 22nm amid signs this node could generate substantial business for applications like automotive, IoT and wireless. But foundry customers face some tough choic... » read more

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