Servers And The Drive To DDR5


This IDC Technology Spotlight Study, sponsored by Rambus, discusses server demands on DRAM and different workloads. DRAM must dynamically adjust to the needs of these disparate workloads. The history of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is characterized by the ability of the technology to adapt to the increasingly specialized real-time memory requirements of the applications that utilize it. ... » read more

Lowering Energy Per Bit


Energy is emerging as a focal point in chip and system design, but solving energy-related issues needs to be dealt with on a much broader scale than design teams typically see. Energy is the amount of power consumed over a period of time to perform a given task, but reducing energy is a lot different than reducing power. It affects everything from operational costs and system performance to ... » read more

Sweeping Changes Ahead For Systems Design


Data centers are undergoing a fundamental change, shifting from standard processing models to more data-centric approaches based upon customized hardware, less movement of data, and more pooling of resources. Driven by a flood of web searches, Bitcoin mining, video streaming, data centers are in a race to provide the most efficient and fastest processing possible. But because there are so ma... » read more

Challenges In Developing A New Inferencing Chip


Cheng Wang, co-founder and senior vice president of software and engineering at Flex Logix, sat down with Semiconductor Engineering to explain the process of bringing an inferencing accelerator chip to market, from bring-up, programming and partitioning to tradeoffs involving speed and customization.   SE: Edge inferencing chips are just starting to come to market. What challenges di... » read more

CXL Memory Interconnect Initiative: Enabling A New Era of Data Center Architecture


In response to an exponential growth in data, the industry is on the threshold of a groundbreaking architectural shift that will fundamentally change the performance, efficiency and cost of data centers around the globe. Server architecture, which has remained largely unchanged for decades, is taking a revolutionary step forward to address the growing demand for data and the voracious performan... » read more

Data Centers On Wheels


Automotive architectures are evolving quickly from domain-based to zonal, leveraging the same kind of high-performance computing now found in data centers to make split-second decisions on the road. This is the third major shift in automotive architectures in the past five years, and it's one that centralizes processing using 7nm and 5nm technology, specialized accelerators, high-speed memor... » read more

Architectural Considerations For AI


Custom chips, labeled as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML), are appearing on a weekly basis, each claiming to be 10X faster than existing devices or consume 1/10 the power. Whether that is enough to dethrone existing architectures, such as GPUs and FPGAs, or whether they will survive alongside those architectures isn't clear yet. The problem, or the opportunity, is that t... » read more

Shifting Toward Data-Driven Chip Architectures


An explosion in data is forcing chipmakers to rethink where to process data, which are the best types of processors and memories for different types of data, and how to structure, partition and prioritize the movement of raw and processed data. New chips from systems companies such as Google, Facebook, Alibaba, and IBM all incorporate this approach. So do those developed by vendors like Appl... » read more

Data Center Evolution: Accelerating Computing With PCI Express 5.0


The PCI Express (PCIe) interface is the critical backbone that moves data at high bandwidth between various compute nodes such as CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, and workload-specific accelerators. The rise of cloud-based computing and hyperscale data centers, along with high-bandwidth applications like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), have pushed PCIe 4 to its limits. In this white p... » read more

Recalculating The Cost Of Test


The cost of test is rising. For decades, test was limited to a flat 2% of the cost of designing and manufacturing a chip. Today, no one is quite sure what that cost really is, and there doesn't seem to be any single formula for determining it. In some cases, there isn't even a sense of urgency to finding out. Several significant changes are occurring that make any formula difficult to cal... » read more

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