DRAM Tradeoffs: Speed Vs. Energy


Semiconductor Engineering sat down to talk about new DRAM options and considerations with Frank Ferro, senior director of product management at Rambus; Marc Greenberg, group director for product marketing at Cadence; Graham Allan, senior product marketing manager for DDR PHYs at Synopsys; and Tien Shiah, senior manager for memory marketing at Samsung Electronics. What follows are excerpts of th... » read more

Inferencing At The Edge


David Fritz, head of corporate strategic alliances at Mentor, a Siemens Business, shows how to apply YOLO (you only look once) at the edge, allowing automotive companies to move from a GPU to a much more efficient processor. That allows inferencing to move much closer to the sensor, so neural networks can be tailored to the type of data being produced. From there the data can be abstracted and ... » read more

Hardware-Software Co-Design Reappears


The core concepts in hardware-software co-design are getting another look, nearly two decades after this approach was first introduced and failed to catch on. What's different this time around is the growing complexity and an emphasis on architectural improvements, as well as device scaling, particularly for AI/ML applications. Software is a critical component, and the more tightly integrate... » read more

Power Is Limiting Machine Learning Deployments


The total amount of power consumed for machine learning tasks is staggering. Until a few years ago we did not have computers powerful enough to run many of the algorithms, but the repurposing of the GPU gave the industry the horsepower that it needed. The problem is that the GPU is not well suited to the task, and most of the power consumed is waste. While machine learning has provided many ... » read more

Accurate Power Analysis Using Real Software Workloads


Over the last decade or so, power consumption has become a major issue in the design of many types of electronic products. Of course, power has always mattered for battery-operated devices, but the complexity of portable electronics and the size of the chips they contain have grown significantly. For plugged-in devices, from desktop computers to server racks in a data center, power plays a majo... » read more

Low-Power Design Becomes Even More Complex


Throughout the SoC design flow, there has been a tremendous amount of research done to ease the pain of managing a long list of power-related issues. And while headway has been made, the addition of new application areas such as AI/ML/DL, automotive and IoT has raised as many new problems as have been solved. The challenges are particularly acute at leading-edge nodes where devices are power... » read more

The Power Of Integrating Bluetooth Low Energy Into SoCs


The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) specification, released in 2011, enables designers of System-on-Chips (SoCs) to maximize the battery life of IoT devices and minimize the implementation costs of wireless sensors and other “connected things” by maximizing sleep time and simplifying Radio operation. Because it is built on the established ecosystem of Bluetooth Classic for mobile phones and P... » read more

Effective Elements List And Transitive Natures Of UPF Commands


Although UPF is very well defined through IEEE 1801 LRM, it is often difficult to comprehend many primitive and inherent features of individual UPF commands-options or relations between different varieties of UPF commands-options. In this paper, we provide a simplistic approach to find inherent links between UPF commands-options through their transitive nature. We also explain how these inheren... » read more

Differential Energy Analysis To Optimize Mobile GPU Power


Operating power has become one of the most important metrics for modern electronic devices. Qualcomm Technologies, a world-class mobile solution provider, significantly reduced power consumption in an already challenging market by performing power analysis at RTL using ANSYS PowerArtist. Qualcomm Technologies was able to reduce dynamic power by 10 percent through this approach. To read more,... » read more

How To Improve ML Power/Performance


Raymond Nijssen, vice president and chief technologist at Achronix, talks about the shift from brute-force performance to more power efficiency in machine learning processing, the new focus on enough memory bandwidth to keep MAC functions busy, and how dynamic range, precision and locality can be modified to improve speed and reduce power. » read more

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