Functional Safety For Fail-Operational Systems


Functional safety issues have long been an important part of product development wherever machine operations that are potentially dangerous for humans are carried out unattended. However, in terms of electrical and electronic systems, the need has been limited to a few industries such as medical technology and aerospace. Apart from that, the functional safety concepts were only used for niche p... » read more

Change Management With Impact Analysis During Safety-Critical IP And SoC Development


Standards like ISO 26262 provide guidance to mitigate safety risks by defining safety analyses requirements and processes. The standard describes Change Management as a way to analyze and control changes in safety-related work products, items, and elements throughout the safety lifecycle. Impact analysis, a part of the Change Management process, is a systematic approach for evaluating changes t... » read more

Using Formal To Verify Safety-Critical Hardware For ISO 26262


Automotive technology has come a long way since the days of the Ford Model T. Today's smart vehicles not only assist their drivers with tasks such as parking, lane management, and braking, but also function as a home away from home, with WiFi hotspots and sophisticated entertainment systems. These sophisticated features are made possible by increasingly complex electronic systems—systems that... » read more

Xilinx Reduces Risk And Increases Efficiency For IEC61508 And ISO26262 Certified Safety Applications


This white paper introduces key dependability aspects for industrial and automotive customers who are designing and developing programmable electronic equipment for safety applications using Xilinx FPGA and SoC devices. The main focus of this white paper is to explain how to create solutions with highly integrated, high-performance certifiable systems that target IEC 61508 / ISO 26262 norms. Th... » read more

Dependent Failure Analysis For Safety-Critical IP And SoCs


By Shivakumar Chonnad, Radu Iacob, and Vladimir Litovtchenko Due to the increased complexity in safety-critical system hardware, software, and mechatronics, the functional safety development process must address systematic and random hardware failures. Numerous safety-related activities are performed during safety-critical IP and SoC developments, as part of the safety lifecycle, from produc... » read more

Variables Complicate Safety-Critical Device Verification


The inclusion of AI chips in automotive and increasingly in avionics has put a spotlight on advanced-node designs that can meet all of the ASIL-D requirements for temperature and stress. How should designers approach this task, particularly when these devices need to last longer than the applications? Semiconductor Engineering sat down to discuss these issues with Kurt Shuler, vice president of... » read more

Banking On FPGA Prototyping


Juergen Jaeger, product management director at Cadence, explains how FPGA prototyping can improve efficiency and reduce design costs, what the development costs are for various phases of the design flow, how that changes across different markets such as automotive and 5G, and why software is now the biggest knob to turn for reducing cost and time to market. » read more

How To Ensure Reliability


Michael Schuldenfrei, corporate technology fellow at OptimalPlus, talks about how to measure quality, why it’s essential to understand all of the possible variables in the testing process, and why outliers are no longer considered sufficient to ensure reliability. » read more

Developing Robust Finite State Machines Code With Lint Tools


As design size and complexity grows, the design verification effort grows even more. It takes significant amount of time to thoroughly verify complex control logic of a design, which is the key and the most critical component of design functionality. One of the most common design patterns in the control logic design are finite state machines. They could be designed in different styles, state an... » read more

Safety Islands In Safety-Critical Hardware


Safety and security have certain aspects in common so it shouldn’t be surprising that some ideas evolving in one domain find echoes in the other. In hardware design, a significant trend has been to push security-critical functions into a hardware root-of-trust (HRoT) core, following a philosophy of putting all (or most) of those functions in one basket and watching that basket very carefully.... » read more

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