Why Indium Oxide Chips Are Getting So Much Attention


Key Takeaways Their low leakage is of interest for memory applications, particularly capacitor-less gain cell designs; They can be deposited over large areas using low-temperature processes, a very desirable characteristic for BEOL integration, and The variety of compositions available gives designers many options to achieve the specific properties they need. Indium tin oxide (ITO), ... » read more

Ferroelectric Memories: The Middle Ground


The first article in this series considered the use of ferroelectrics to improve subthreshold swing behavior in logic transistors. The prospects for ferroelectrics in logic applications are uncertain, but ferroelectric memories have clear advantages. The two most common commercial memories lie at opposite ends of a spectrum. DRAM is fast, but requires constant power to maintain its informat... » read more