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Continuous Physics Reasoning:
Definition, Minimum Criteria, and the Role of Foundation Models for Physics

A general-purpose system that reasons natively over physical structure with deterministic, solver-grade, out-of-the-box generality at manufacturing resolution.

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Abstract

Physical products are increasingly constrained by thermal, mechanical, electrical, and manufacturing realities, yet much of industry still relies on intermittent, expert-mediated physics evaluation. As systems become more complex and tightly coupled, this limits not only product development, but also manufacturing readiness, operational efficiency, and lifecycle performance.

This paper proposes Continuous Physics Reasoning as a category of engineering capability in which physical reasoning becomes continuously available across the product lifecycle—from design, evaluation, and validation to manufacturing and operation—rather than being confined to discrete simulation checkpoints.

We define a foundation model for physics as the enabling system class for Continuous Physics Reasoning: a general-purpose system that reasons natively over physical structure with deterministic, solver-grade, out-of-the-box generality at manufacturing resolution.

We distinguish necessary from sufficient conditions, propose a minimum qualifying standard, and identify disqualifying patterns such as task-specific surrogates, per-domain model forks, nondeterministic execution, and workflow automation without general-purpose physical reasoning.

The goal is to provide a classification framework for evaluating systems that claim to enable Continuous Physics Reasoning.

Read more here.

Fig.1: Demand is exploding because modern products concentrate more physics across more scales, under tighter manufacturing and reliability constraints–while the cost of being wrong keeps rising. Source: Vinci



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